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View Full Version : Three Cheap Sources for Helping Soft Water


Wiedertäufer
Nov 21st 2007, 08:53 AM
Here in the greater Vancouver region, we have very soft water. For those raising plants, snails and other things, this can be problematic.

Source of Calcium: Calcium Carbonate - cheapest source is probably a beer/wine making shop. They often sell smaller quantities at low prices. They often carry other calcium sources as well like calcium chloride.

Source of Magnesium: Epsom Salts - any decently sized drug store should have some pure Epsom salts. London Drugs sells it for $5 for 2 kg. You can put the extra in your bath water or dose your house plant water with it because you'll likely never need that much for your aquarium. Just make sure it's just Epsom salts, if it says it has anything else in it, avoid it. If it says USP on the package and no mention of other ingredients, it's as pure as you'll likely be able to get.

Source of Calcium & Magnesium: Dolomite - from most garden centers and whatnot. Often sold in huge bags that are way, way bigger than we would ever need. Some places sell smaller quantities. It never hurts to take a small container or ziplock bag the next time you go to a place that sells it though, as often bags get torn and they might give/sell you a small amount from such a bag-- just ask. As per the Epsom salts, check the bag for indications of any other additives.

Dolomite also absorbs very, very slowly. So rather than have your water be cloudy, you can put it in your filter between media. This may not work depending on your filter type though. You'll have to figure it out.

Amounts for Calcium Carbonate & Epsom Salts:

1 teaspoon (~2 grams) of Calcium Carbonate per 25 litres of water will increase KH and GH by 4 degrees. (degree is 17.9 ppm).

The amount of magnesium depends on what you're trying to accomplish. You'll want to figure out how many mg per litre you'll want in the tank. Lake Tanganykia, for example has 43 ppm and sea water has almost 1300! Epsom Salts contains about 10% magnesium. So to increase by 1 ppm, you'll need 1g of Epsom salts for every 100 litres. The increased sulfate levels from Epsom salts should be negligible, especially for planted tanks where the plants will us up the sulfates, sometimes rapidly.

Unfortunately for dolomite, the rate it dissolves in water is related to the pH of the water, so I don't know of any hard and fast rule. Also, the higher the level of CO2 present, the faster it will dissolve. As well, Dolomite and Dolomitic Lime are slightly different, the Dolomite has more magnesium, but the dolomitic lime will dissolve much more quickly (though still slowly). Domomite is also available in chips as well as powder and the chips take longer to dissolve.

As with adding any mineral, these will effect your pH, GH and KH. Make sure you understand how that's going to work before you start dosing your aquarium. It is often best to make such changes slowly, over time, instead of massive single doses.

Hope someone found this useful.

Wiedertäufer
Nov 24th 2007, 08:01 AM
Another cheap source of Calcium Carbonate: Reptile sand. It's found in pet stores in their reptile supplies section. It's usually ground argonite, which is pretty much pure calcium carbonate. Often there will be other vitamins or minerals added which may or may not make it suitable for your tank as an additive for soft water. For example, one I saw in a pet store had beta carotene added. Beta carotene is what makes carrots orange. Not sure if there's enough in that particular reptile sand to make my aquarium water orange :laugh:. Beta Carotene isn't water soluable, so if it did discolor the water, it would only be until it settled, got broken down by bacteria or filtered out by a filter.

Melody
Nov 24th 2007, 01:58 PM
Great info, thanks for posting it. :smile:

I have enough Dolomite to supply the entire Province for a year...lol. The trick there is purchase Dolomite with less than 5% magnesium impurities. The magnesium slows the rate of dissolution.

The ultimate is pulverized limestone designed for agriculture, which is also relatively inexpensive. Dolomite is a reasonable alternative though.

Limestone's calcium content determines the rate at which it neutralizes acidity. If its less than 70% calcium, don't buy it. The smaller the better, as in powder. Premixing in tank water will make it more soluable and using it in the filter or over/around other water movement will help it disolve faster.

Crushed Oyster shells is another excellent additive. You can get it at farm feed stores for very little and it is known for its superior buffering capacity. Make sure you get food grade to avoid impurities like high lead levels.

A cheap source of calcium chloride (think Kent's Liquid Calcium) is Prestone Deicer of all things. Its 98% calcium chloride, with sodium, potassium chloride and magnesium impurities.

Nothing worked on our water for me until I focused on KH, which brought me to Limestone (its a great buffer). Once I got that worked out, the rest fell into place on its own. I still have to watch it very closely though. I use a lot of Tufa Rock and that has helped too. I try to place an airstone under it so it disolves faster. Canada boasts the most pure Tufa in the World.::D:

Wiedertäufer
Nov 25th 2007, 11:55 AM
I'm pretty much at the point where I think that massive buffering is the way to go with Vancouver's water. Even if I wanted a relatively neutral water, I'm thinking I'm still better off using a substrate that one would normally associate with African cichlids (well, maybe not that extreme). For example, in my new planted tank, I just added a thin layer of calcium carbonate reptile sand after I saw some of my hornwort dissolve. With those fancy style Malaysian Trumpet Snails on their way, I'm not taking any chances with soft water.

The deicer is another great recommendation. Just got to make sure it's calcium chloride and not something else. The last time I went to a local hardware store, both of their brands of deicer said absolutely nothing on the bag. When I went and looked up the brands and contacted them, I found out the deicer was made of some chemical I had never heard of (crystals of suspended monopropylene glycol or something like that). I'll watch for the Prestone stuff.

We're not exactly in season for this kind of stuff right now, but I'm also going to keep watch for a good back of powdered limestone and the like if I happen near a garden centre.

Melody
Nov 25th 2007, 02:46 PM
Good point on the deicer. The info I read is specifically for Prestone deicer and its a few years old so its best to check.

I've heard of people using Cichlid sand here, and whatever the plant substrate is that also buffers... I can never remember which one. The coral with aragonite is also much better due to its superior buffering capacity by comparison to coral alone.:yes:

CACAdmin
Nov 25th 2007, 03:17 PM
I use a lot of Tufa Rock and that has helped too. I try to place an airstone under it so it disolves faster. Canada boasts the most pure Tufa in the World.::D:
I didn't realize that Canadian Tufa is known for its purity. Cool! I use Tufa and it's fairly inexpensive as rock goes as it's very light. Someone once commented (when I was purchasing a piece) that it was like buying air.:twitcy: But I think it's partially all the airholes in it that helps it dissolve fairly quickly especially when placed under the cascade of the HOB filter.

Wiedertäufer
Nov 25th 2007, 05:11 PM
I'm not really familiar with Tufa rock. Where does one buy it by weight in the lower mainland?

Melody
Nov 25th 2007, 05:31 PM
I've seen it... Petcetera I think. Here in Surrey I believe that Pacific Aquatics has it too.

Melody
Feb 8th 2008, 12:50 PM
My latest environment trick is gypsum, which isn't a new thing but I haven't tried it before (not intentionally anyway). While researching it, I found a couple of good links about making your own pH Pills/Pucks.

Koi Vet - The pH Pill (http://www.koivet.com/html/articles/articles_results.php?article_id=76&category=13&search_term=phpill)
Someone's experience (http://aquamaniacs.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=15938) with the above Pill, including parameter changes.

Gypsum itself is hydrated calcium sulfate (CaSO4×2H2O) and Gypsum Rock is primarily calcium sulfate dihydrate (varying levels of impurities). Many learned individuals believe it is what Livebearers and Goldfish need rather than seasalt. I have heard the calcium theory many times and focus on that for both my Livebearers and Snails (while also supplementing with a dash of seasalt for the Livebearers), but the focus on gypsum specifically is that much more intriguing. It is more soluable than Limestone which would also appeal to those who are focused more on calcium than buffering.

Personally I want a more pure form of Gypsum than is probably provided with industrial grades, but many people have used the industrial grade with success as well.

thegrandpoohbah
Feb 8th 2008, 05:45 PM
I've got an easy solution. Move to Calgary. The water here is plenty hard enough. :laugh:

Melody
Feb 8th 2008, 05:47 PM
I've got an easy solution. Move to Calgary. The water here is plenty hard enough. :laugh:


That's a great idea, but niether Blaine's wife or your girlfriend will let me stay in your fishrooms. Very unreasonable that way, they are. :laugh: And stop rubbing those water parameters in you.... you.... EX BC'er!!!

blainep
Feb 8th 2008, 05:55 PM
That's a great idea, but niether Blaine's wife or your girlfriend will let me stay in your fishrooms. Very unreasonable that way, they are. :laugh: And stop rubbing those water parameters in you.... you.... EX BC'er!!!

Ya, like theres room for you to bunk in my fishroom, I barely have room to move around in there.

Melody
Feb 8th 2008, 05:56 PM
It wouldn't matter if it was the size of a barn - there's never room for more than one woman in a house...lol.

blainep
Feb 8th 2008, 06:03 PM
It wouldn't matter if it was the size of a barn - there's never room for more than one woman in a house...lol.

Very true ........

Pamelajo
Feb 8th 2008, 07:10 PM
Up at Dad's the water is hard too! Well water if you don't dry the glass it leaves a terrible residue. Clogged I don't know have many coffee machines on him. Now he gets bottled water for making coffee. It is a lot cheaper than replacing coffee machines or putting in a water softner.

Melody
Feb 8th 2008, 07:38 PM
And he has horses... AND the barn to keep me in! lol

Pamelajo
Feb 8th 2008, 07:44 PM
:wink: you'd better pack your long underwear, you're artic sleeping bag. You would have to share the hay loft with I don't know how many cats.

Melody
Feb 8th 2008, 08:08 PM
We'd have to heat it for the fish tanks and the cats are going to have to stay in the loft so they don't eat 'em! You negotiate with them and your Dad the next time you're there and let me know.::D:

thegrandpoohbah
Feb 8th 2008, 09:19 PM
Hey Mel, next time I head out to BC I'll bring you a jug of our tap water!

Melody
Feb 8th 2008, 09:27 PM
Oh that's real big of you Mr. GP. BC misses you like crazy just for that wit of yours :rolleyes: :laugh: